Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Revenue

v3.23.1
Revenue
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]  
Revenue Revenue
Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with our customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control of our products, services and energy production. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services or energy to customers.
Shipping and handling fees billed to customers in a sales transaction are recorded in revenue and shipping and handling costs incurred are recorded in cost of sales. We have elected to exclude from revenue any value-added sales and other taxes which we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities. These accounting policy elections are consistent with the manner in which we historically recorded shipping and handling fees and value-added taxes. Incremental costs incurred by us to obtain a contract with a customer are negligible, if any, and are expensed ratably in proportion to the related revenue recognized.
Disaggregated Revenue    
In general, our business segmentation is aligned according to the nature and economic characteristics of our products and customer relationships and provides meaningful disaggregation of each business segment's results of operations.
The following table further disaggregates our revenue by major source by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.


Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Products Services Energy Production Total
Products $ 1,710,136  $ —  $ —  $ 1,710,136 
Maintenance services —  3,136,173  —  3,136,173 
Energy production —  —  533,509  533,509 
    Total revenue $ 1,710,136  $ 3,136,173  $ 533,509  $ 5,379,818 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Products Services Energy Production Total
Products $ 3,939,481  $ —  $ —  $ 3,939,481 
Installation services —  20,109  —  20,109 
Maintenance services —  2,897,171  —  2,897,171 
Energy production —  —  581,562  581,562 
    Total revenue $ 3,939,481  $ 2,917,280  $ 581,562  $ 7,438,323 

Products Segment
Products. Our Product revenues include cogeneration systems that supply electricity and hot water, chillers that provide air-conditioning and hot water and engineered accessories, which consist of ancillary products and parts necessary to install a cogeneration unit including integration into the customers’ existing electrical and mechanical systems. We refer to the package of engineered accessories and engineering and design services necessary for the customers' installation of a cogeneration unit as light installation services.
We transfer control and generally recognize a sale when we ship a product from our manufacturing facility at which point the customer takes ownership of the product. Payment terms on product sales are generally 30 days.
We recognize revenue in certain circumstances before delivery to the customer has occurred (commonly referred to as bill and hold transactions). We recognize revenue related to such transactions once, among other things, the customer has made a written fixed commitment to purchase the product(s) under normal billing and credit terms, the customer has requested the product(s) be held for future delivery as scheduled and designated by them, risk of ownership has been assumed by the customer, and the product(s) are tagged as sold and segregated for storage awaiting further direction from the customer. Due to the infrequent nature and duration of bill and hold arrangements, the value associated with custodial storage services is deemed immaterial in the context of the contract and in total, and accordingly, none of the transaction price is allocated to such service.
Depending on the product and terms of the arrangement, we may defer the recognition of a portion of the transaction price received because we have to satisfy a future obligation (e.g., product start-up service). Amounts allocated to product start-up services are recognized as revenue when the start-up service has been completed. We use an observable selling price to determine standalone selling prices where available and either a combination of an adjusted market assessment approach, an expected cost plus a margin approach, and/or a residual approach to determine the standalone selling prices for separate performance obligations as a basis for allocating contract consideration when an observable selling price is not available. Amounts received but not recognized pending completion of performance are recognized as contract liabilities and are recorded as deferred revenue along with deposits by customers.

Services Segment
Maintenance Services. Maintenance services are provided under either long-term maintenance contracts or time and material maintenance contracts. Revenue under time and material maintenance contracts is recognized when the maintenance service is completed. Revenue under long-term maintenance contracts is recognized either ratably over the term of the contract where the contract price is fixed or when the periodic maintenance activities are completed where the invoiced cost to the customer is based on run hours or kilowatts produced in a given period. We use an output method to measure progress towards completion of our performance obligation which results in the recognition of revenue on the basis of a direct measurement of the value to the customer of the services transferred to date relative to the remaining services promised under the contract. We use the practical expedient at ASC 606-10-55-18 of recognizing revenue in an amount equal to the amount we have the right to invoice the customer under the contract. Payment terms for maintenance services are generally 30 days.
Installation Services. We provide both complete turnkey installation services which typically include all necessary engineering and design, labor, subcontract labor to install a cogeneration unit including integration into the customers’ existing electrical and mechanical systems. Under complete turnkey installation service contracts revenue is recognized over time using the percentage-of-completion method determined on a cost to cost basis. Our performance obligation under such contracts are satisfied progressively over time as enhancements are made to customer owned and controlled properties. We measure progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation based on an input method based on cost which we believe is the most faithful depiction of the transfer of products and services to the customer under these contracts. When the financial metrics of a contract indicate a loss, our policy is to record the entire expected loss as soon as it is known. Contract costs and profit recognized to date under the percentage-of-completion method in excess of billings are recognized as contract assets and are recorded as unbilled revenue. Billings in excess of contract costs and profit are recognized as contract liabilities and are recorded as deferred revenue. Generally billings under complete turnkey installation contracts are made when contractually
determined milestones of progress have been achieved, with payment terms generally being 30 days. Our installation services revenue decreased significantly in three months March 31, 2023 and is likely to continue to remain low due to our strategy to focus on higher margin segments of our business.

Energy Production Segment
Energy Production. Revenue from energy contracts is recognized when electricity, heat, hot and/or chilled water is produced by our owned on-site cogeneration systems. Each month we bill the customer and recognize revenue for the various forms of energy delivered, based on meter readings which capture the quantity of the various forms of energy delivered in a given month, under a contractually defined formula which takes into account the current month's cost of energy from the local power utility.
As the various forms of energy delivered by us under energy production contracts are simultaneously delivered and consumed by the customer, our performance obligation under these contracts is considered to be satisfied over time. We use an output method to measure progress towards completion of our performance obligation which results in the recognition of revenue on the basis of a direct measurement of the value to the customer of the services transferred to date relative to the remaining services promised under the contract. We use the practical expedient at ASC 606-10-55-18 of recognizing revenue in an amount equal to that amount to which we have the right to invoice the customer under the contract. Payment terms on invoices under these contracts are generally 30 days.
Contract Balances
    The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections result in billed accounts receivable, unbilled revenue (contract assets) and deferred revenue, consisting of customer deposits and billings in excess of revenue recognized (contract liabilities) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
    We did not recognize any revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2023 that was included in unbilled revenue at the end of the period. Approximately $16,428 was billed in this period that had been recognized as revenue in previous periods.

    Revenue recognized during the three ended months March 31, 2023 that was included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the period was approximately $136,640.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations related to ASC 606 represent the aggregate transaction price allocated to performance obligations with an original contract term of greater than one year, excluding certain maintenance contracts and all energy production contracts where a direct measurement of the value to the customer is used as a method of measuring progress towards completion of our performance obligation. Exclusion of these remaining performance obligations is due in part to the inability to quantify values based on unknown future levels of delivery and in some cases rates used to invoice customers. Remaining performance obligations therefore consist of unsatisfied or partially satisfied performance obligations related to fixed price maintenance contracts and installation contracts.
As of March 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $2.3 million. We expect to recognize revenue of approximately 98.5% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 24 months, 90.1% recognized in the first 12 months and 8.4% recognized over the subsequent 12 months, and the remainder recognized thereafter.